Range: Most of North America, including most of Canada, all of the continental United States, and northern Mexico.
Habitat: Habitats range from rugged, Arctic coasts bordered by extensive coniferous forests to inland freshwater lakes and rivers. Usually found close to water; large trees and rocky cliffs are chosen as nesting sites.
Description: Wing span is 6-7 1/2 feet; weight 8-14 pounds; length 30-40 inches. As with most raptors, the females are larger than males. The characteristic white head appears after the fourth annual molt, when the bird matures. Eyesight is 4-8 times sharper than humans and eyes have sub-orbital ridges that protect the eye while catching and handling prey.
Adaptations/Habitat: Characteristic of raptors, they occupy same territory year after year; cannot carry more than own weight; wintering eagles congregate at roosts, returning each night to roosting area; a group is called a congregation. Bald eagles often weigh less than 14 pounds on average. Characteristic spiny scales on the soles of the toes called spicules and sharp talons for gripping slippery fish. Most people can easily recognize an adult bald eagle by its distinct white head and tail. The head helps explain how it gets its name: the bald eagle isn't really bald, he is balde--an old English word for white-headed.
Breeding/Growth:
Diet: Fish are staple food. They are scavengers and will not eat farm animals unless they are already dead. Pursuit flight is either a swooping down or a direct dive, then prey is killed with talons.
Exhibit: California Trails
Notes: STATUS: Species was once classified as endangered, primarily due to DDT poisoning. The population has recovered well and is now only considered threatened.
